Diarrhea involves having loose or liquid stools more often than normal. It's a common issue that usually lasts a couple of days and goes away on its own without any special treatment. However, prolonged diarrhea can lead to dehydration, which can be dangerous if not treated.
There can be numerous reasons why you might experience diarrhea. It can be the result of a viral or bacterial infection, certain types of medications, or chronic diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome or Crohn's disease. It can also be a symptom of food intolerance or digestive problems.
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The most common causes of diarrhea include viral, bacterial, or parasitic infections, commonly referred to as "stomach flu" or "food poisoning". Chronic diseases such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, celiac disease, and irritable bowel syndrome can also cause diarrhea. Certain medications, like antibiotics, can lead to diarrhea as well.
If diarrhea is accompanied by symptoms like high fever, blood in the stool, severe abdominal or rectal pain, signs of dehydration (such as extreme thirst, dry mouth, little or no urination), or if it lasts more than two days in adults (or 24 hours in children), you should seek medical attention immediately.
The nature of the investigations depends on the suspected cause of your diarrhea. Stool tests are the most common and can help identify bacteria, parasites, or other infectious organisms. If a chronic condition is suspected, your doctor might recommend blood tests, colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, or imaging tests like a CT scan.
These tests are vital to understand the cause of your diarrhea. Identifying the cause helps in providing the right treatment. For instance, if a bacterial infection is causing your diarrhea, you might need antibiotics. On the other hand, if a certain food is the cause, you'll be advised to avoid it.
Seek immediate medical help if you experience severe abdominal or rectal pain, bloody or black stools, diarrhea lasting more than a few days, or signs of dehydration such as little or no urination, excessive thirst, dry mouth, severe weakness, dizziness or lightheadedness.
If diarrhea persists, start with your primary care doctor, who might refer you to a gastroenterologist if needed. If a child is suffering from diarrhea, a pediatrician should be consulted.
Yes, stress and anxiety can lead to physical symptoms, including diarrhea. It can be particularly noticeable in people with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or other digestive disorders.
Certain medications, notably antibiotics, can cause diarrhea by disrupting the natural balance of bacteria in your intestines. If you suspect your medication is causing diarrhea, consult your doctor. Do not stop taking your medication without medical advice.
Drinking plenty of fluids is crucial to prevent dehydration. You might find it soothing to drink broth or rehydration solutions. Eating mild, low-fiber foods and avoiding fatty, high-fiber, or heavily seasoned foods can also help. Over-the-counter medicines can help reduce diarrhea, but they should not be used if your diarrhea is caused by an infection or bacteria.
Treatment depends on the cause of diarrhea. In many cases, the aim is to prevent dehydration by ensuring that you drink enough fluids. In cases of bacterial infections, antibiotics may be prescribed. If a specific food is identified as the cause, you will be advised to avoid it. Chronic conditions causing diarrhea may require more complex treatment plans involving medication and lifestyle changes.
Yes, while fever, cough, and difficulty breathing are the most common symptoms of COVID-19, some people may experience digestive symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and abdominal pain.
In some cases, yes. Diarrhea can be a symptom of certain types of cancer, such as colon or pancreatic cancer. However, diarrhea is a common symptom and is usually due to less serious causes like infections or food intolerances.
Maintaining good hygiene can help prevent infectious diarrhea. Wash your hands regularly, especially before eating or preparing food and after using the bathroom. Safe food practices, like thoroughly cooking meats and avoiding unpasteurized milk or cheese, can also help. If you're traveling to a region with unsafe drinking water, drink bottled or appropriately treated water and avoid ice.
