Preimplantation Genetic Screening (PGS) involves examining the chromosomal structure of an embryo to check for any genetic abnormalities. This test, in particular, involves performing a biopsy on the 5th day after fertilization on six embryos. This is usually conducted when a moderate number of viable embryos have been produced during an In Vitro Fertilization (IVF) cycle.
PGS aims to enhance the chances of a successful pregnancy and decrease the risk of miscarriage by only transferring chromosomally normal embryos into the uterus. PGS is often recommended for couples who have a history of genetic disorders, recurrent miscarriages, failed IVF cycles, or advanced maternal age.
PGS testing is performed to detect any chromosomal abnormalities in the embryos before they are transferred into the uterus. The test increases the chances of a successful pregnancy and reduces the risk of miscarriage by ensuring that only chromosomally normal embryos are transferred.
On the fifth day after the embryo has been fertilized, an embryologist extracts a small number of cells from each of the eight embryos. These cells are then assessed for chromosomal abnormalities in a laboratory setting.
Couples undergoing IVF, especially those with a history of recurrent miscarriages, multiple failed IVF cycles, genetic disorders, or advanced maternal age should consider PGS testing. It is recommended to discuss the option with a fertility specialist to make an informed decision.
A chromosomally normal, or euploid, embryo has the correct number of chromosomes, which is 46 in total, 23 from the egg and 23 from the sperm. These embryos have a higher likelihood of developing into a successful pregnancy and a healthy baby.
If a chromosomal abnormality is detected in an embryo, it will not be selected for implantation. The decision to proceed with the transfer of any remaining normal embryos will be made in consultation with the fertility specialist.
While PGS testing can identify the sex of the embryos as it involves the examination of the chromosomes, its primary goal is to identify chromosomally normal embryos and not to select the sex of the baby.
The results of PGS testing are typically available within 7-10 days. The embryos are safely cryopreserved (frozen) during the waiting period until the results are ready.
PGS testing is a highly reliable method for identifying chromosomal abnormalities in embryos. However, as with all tests, it's not 100% accurate and there is a small chance of false-positive or false-negative results.
The biopsy procedure, which involves removing a few cells from each embryo, is generally safe and does not harm the embryos when performed by a skilled embryologist. However, there is a minimal risk of damage to the embryo.
The main risk associated with PGS testing is the potential for damage to the embryo during the biopsy procedure. However, this risk is minimal and the procedure is generally safe when performed by a skilled embryologist. Other risks involve the potential for false-positive or false-negative results.
The number of embryos tested at once can vary. In this case, the test involves the assessment of eight embryos. However, the number can be more or less depending on the individual circumstances of the patients.
While PGS testing is a powerful tool for detecting a wide range of chromosomal abnormalities, it may not detect all types of chromosomal abnormalities. It's important to discuss the limitations of the test with your healthcare provider.
Yes, PGS testing can significantly increase the chance of a successful pregnancy. By identifying and selecting chromosomally normal embryos for transfer, the chances of implantation and development into a healthy baby are greatly improved.
While PGS testing can determine the sex of the embryos, its primary purpose is to screen for chromosomal abnormalities. Any considerations regarding gender selection should be discussed with your healthcare provider.
As women age, the likelihood of chromosomal abnormalities in the embryos increases, which can be detected through PGS testing. Therefore, PGS testing is often recommended for women of advanced maternal age.