The C1 Esterase Inhibitor (C1-INH) protein is crucial in the regulation of the complement system, which is part of the immune response. It controls inflammation and ensures the system doesn't over-respond to infection, which can be harmful. A C1 Esterase Inhibitor quantification test measures the amount of C1-INH in the blood. This test is critical in diagnosing hereditary angioedema and other conditions associated with abnormal C1-INH levels.
C1 Esterase Inhibitor is a protease inhibitor belonging to the serpin superfamily. Its main function is to inhibit the complement system to prevent spontaneous activation. When C1-INH is deficient or nonfunctional, excessive activation of the complement system can occur, leading to recurrent episodes of angioedema, which is characterized by severe swelling in different parts of the body.
Quantifying the amount of C1 Esterase Inhibitor in the blood is crucial for diagnosing conditions such as hereditary angioedema. Knowing the levels helps in differentiating between Type I and Type II Hereditary Angioedema. Type I is characterized by low levels of C1-INH, while Type II has normal or elevated levels, but the protein is non-functional.
Test Name C1 Esterase Inhibitor - Quantification (C1 Inactivator - Quantitative)
Sample Type Blood
Preparations Required No special preparation is required for this test.
Report Time 2 days
A healthcare professional usually draws a blood sample from a vein in your arm using a small needle. After the needle is inserted, a small amount of blood is collected into a test tube or vial. You may feel a little sting when the needle goes in or out. This usually takes less than five minutes.
The normal range for C1 Esterase Inhibitor levels may vary slightly among different laboratories. Usually, it's between 70-130% of normal. Significantly lower levels may indicate hereditary angioedema or acquired angioedema.
For patients with hereditary angioedema, several treatment options can help manage symptoms. These include C1-INH replacement therapy, antifibrinolytics, hormone therapy, and biologics that block bradykinin or complement activity.
Home Sample Collection Process
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Book your convenient slot
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Sample Collection by Phlebotomist
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Reporting of the sample at lab
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Frequently Asked Questions
No, acquired angioedema can also be associated with C1 Esterase Inhibitor deficiency. This is not caused by a genetic mutation but might be associated with autoimmune conditions or certain cancers.
There's no cure for hereditary angioedema, but symptoms can be managed and controlled with proper treatment and lifestyle adjustments.
The side effects and risks associated with a blood draw are minimal. These include slight pain, bleeding, bruising, or infection at the needle site.
The frequency of testing depends on the underlying condition and symptoms. Your healthcare provider will recommend an appropriate testing schedule.
It's important to discuss with your healthcare provider about all the medications you are taking as some medications might affect the test results.
Common symptoms include swelling in parts of the body such as hands, feet, face, and airway, stomach cramps, difficulty breathing, and nausea.
There is no direct evidence to suggest that lifestyle changes can significantly impact C1 Esterase Inhibitor levels. However, a healthy lifestyle can contribute to the overall immune system health.
Functional testing evaluates how well the C1 Esterase Inhibitor is functioning, while quantitative testing measures the level of C1 Esterase Inhibitor in the blood.
The complement system is a part of the immune system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytes to clear microbes and damaged cells, promote inflammation, and attack the pathogen's cell membrane.
Yes, genetic counseling is important for families with hereditary angioedema. It helps family members understand the risks of inheriting the disorder and discusses the prospects for testing and management.
C1 Esterase Inhibitor quantification is essential in the diagnosis and management of conditions such as hereditary angioedema. It is important for individuals with a family history of angioedema or those experiencing symptoms to seek medical advice. Early diagnosis and appropriate management can significantly improve the quality of life for individuals with C1 Esterase Inhibitor deficiency.
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