Autoimmune encephalitis represents a group of conditions where healthy brain cells are unintentionally attacked by the body's immune system, causing inflammation of the brain. The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel, CSF is a crucial diagnostic tool used to detect specific antibodies associated with these conditions, guiding accurate diagnosis and treatment. In the ensuing discussion, we will delve deeper into the test, its implications, and how it aids in managing autoimmune encephalitis.
The Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel uses a laboratory technique called immunofluorescence assay (IFA) to detect the presence of specific autoantibodies in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). These include antibodies against N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor GluR1 and GluR2, γ-aminobutyric acid B (GABA B) receptor, voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex including leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1), and contactin-associated protein 2 (CASPR2).
Profile Name Auto Immune Encephalitis Panel (NMDA, AMPA-GluR1 & R2, GABA B receptor,VGKC (LGI1), CASPR2 by IFA)
Sample Type Blood
Preparations Required None
Report Time 24 hours
These antibodies are associated with different types of autoimmune encephalitis. For instance, NMDA receptor encephalitis, one of the most common types, is linked with anti-NMDA receptor antibodies. The presence of these antibodies can cause a range of neurological and psychiatric symptoms, including memory loss, seizures, and psychosis. Similarly, anti-LGI1 and anti-CASPR2 antibodies are linked with limbic encephalitis and Morvan's syndrome.
By identifying the presence of these specific antibodies, the Autoimmune Encephalitis Panel, CSF helps in the precise diagnosis of the type of encephalitis, thereby facilitating appropriate and targeted treatment. For individuals seeking accurate diagnostic services, it's advisable to visit a reputable diagnostics centre near me, such as Sprint Diagnostics. Their experienced professionals can conduct the necessary tests, interpret the results, and collaborate with specialists to ensure comprehensive and personalised care for autoimmune encephalitis.
Home Sample Collection Process
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Book your convenient slot
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Sample Collection by Phlebotomist
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Reporting of the sample at lab
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Download Reports
Note: Home Sample Collection is only for Pathology lab tests.
Frequently Asked Questions
The primary purpose of the panel is to detect the presence of specific antibodies in the blood associated with different types of autoimmune encephalitis. This assists in accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment of the condition.
Symptoms can vary and may include memory loss, cognitive changes, seizures, hallucinations, psychosis, and movement disorders. The onset might be gradual or sudden, and symptoms can fluctuate in intensity.
The test requires a blood sample, which is then processed in a laboratory. Using an immunofluorescence assay (IFA), the blood sample is tested for the presence of specific antibodies associated with autoimmune encephalitis.
No specific preparation or precautions are required before the test. However, it's crucial to inform your doctor about any medications or supplements you're taking, as some of these might affect the test results.
As the test involves a blood draw, risks are minimal but might include slight pain or bruising at the injection site.
If your test results are abnormal, you should consult a neurologist for further evaluation and management.
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